摘要：降尿酸药通过抑制尿酸的合成、抑制尿酸在肾小管的重吸收或促进尿酸排泄而产生治疗作用、并控制其发展的处方药。
众所周知，所有的降尿酸药物，如秋水仙碱、别嘌醇、丙磺舒、非布司他，在治疗过程中会有部分患者出现不良反应，如肝功能异常、腹泻、恶心、皮疹、腹泻和头痛。
因此，很有必要对降尿酸药或抗痛风药进行用药安全性评估。
个人依据过去一些已发表的论文，分析和认识这类药物的安全性、不良反应及毒性的风险，最后简单阐述2012美国风湿病友协会发布的一二代降尿酸药物治疗指南。
关键词：降尿酸药物；不良反应；肝损害；皮疹；Safety risk assessment of uric acid lowering drugsMajor: Traditional Chinese MedicineAdvisor: Ding junStudent: Fu longshuAbstract: uric acid lowering drugs have therapeutic effects by inhibiting the synthesis of uric acid, inhibiting the reabsorption of uric acid in renal tubules or promoting the excretion of uric acid, and controlling the development of prescription drugs. It is well known that all uric acid lowering drugs, such as colcine, allopurinol, propion and febuxostat, may cause adverse reactions such as abnormal liver function, diarrhea, nausea, rash, diarrhea and headache in some patients during the treatment process. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the safety of uric acid lowering drugs or anti-gout drugs. Based on some published papers in the past, I analyzed and understood the safety, adverse reactions and risks of toxicity of these drugs. Finally, I briefly elaborated the 2012 guidelines for the treatment of uric acid lowering drugs issued by the American rheumatic association.Key words: uric acid lowering drugs; Adverse reactions; Liver damage; The rash；1药理作用对于降尿酸药物的药理作用从以下几个方面介绍。
在选择之前，做一个24小时尿硝酸检查，这样可以知晓尿酸排泄的增长与否，来选择药物，是选择抑制尿酸生成，还是口服改善尿酸排泄的能力。
1.1抑制尿酸合成 降尿酸药中的代表药非布司他是现今临床中较为常见的一种药物,其是一种黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂,主要是通过抑制尿酸合成从而进一步降低血清尿酸的浓度情况,进而达到一定的应用效果。
a,2009年2月由美国FDA批准上市,2013年2月在中国上市,应用于痛风及高尿酸血症b。
(1)非嘌呤类黄嘌呤氧化酶选择性抑制剂，常规治疗浓度下不会抑制其他参与嘌呤和嘧啶合成与代谢的酶，通过抑制尿酸合成降低血清尿酸浓度。
口服后1h吸收率达到85%，半衰期5～8 h，每天一次用药即能达所需效应。
