论文总字数：32922字摘 要在英汉互译的过程中，常常出现词汇空缺的现象，即一种语言中表达的概念及其表达在另一种语言中并不存在，这成为广大翻译人员的棘手问题，本文对此现象进行了探究。本篇论文首先分析了造成词汇空缺的原因，接着在功能对等理论和对抗翻译理论的基础上，从异化和归化两个方面找出了英汉互译中词汇空缺的翻译策略。关键词：词汇空缺；翻译策略；归化; 异化Contents1. Introduction 12. Literature Review 23. Theoretical Foundation 33.1 Functional equivalence 33.2 Resistance translation 44. Definition and Causes of Lexical Gap 44.1 Definition of lexical gap 44.2 Causes of lexical gap 55. Strategies for the Translation of Lexical Gap 75.1 Translatability of lexical gap 75.2 Strategies for the translation of lexical gap 75.3 Factors influencing the choice of strategies 106. Conclusion …..12Works Cited 141. Introduction English an

论文总字数：28165字摘 要时间观作为非言语交际的重要组成部分,它的交流传递具有深层次的文化内涵。来自不同文化背景的人形成了多样的时间观念。本文讨论了不同的时间概念,并举例阐述了因为时间观念不同而引起的跨文化交际中的交流障碍。由于人们不同的时间观念，因而交际中障碍或错误经常发生。讨论基于时间概念对跨文化交流的影响，有助于更深入了解并把握中美文化不同的时间取向，增进跨文化活动的交流互动，从而避免人们在跨文化交流活动中的冲突和矛盾。关键词：时间观念；时间导向；时间分类；文化冲突Contents1. Introduction 12. Literature Review 13. Classifications Based on Time Concepts 23.1 Classifications on Psychological Sense of Time 23.2 Classifications on Form of the Time 44. Reasons for Different Attitudes to Time 74.1 Historical Reasons 74.2 Religion and Culture 84.3 Reality Factor

论文总字数：52982字摘 要 iiiIntroduction 1Chapter One Boys Who Hate Girls 51.1 “Boys and Girls” : How Boys Become Boys 51.2 “Changes and Ceremonies” : Opposition between Male and Female Students at School 7Chapter Two Arrogant and Vulnerable Young Men 102.1 “Amundsen” : the Center of Women, the Darling of the World 102.2 “Train”: Fragile Young Men 13Chapter Three Embodiment of Authority in the Middle-Aged Men 163.1 “Haven”: An Authoritative Husband as the Spokesman in a Family 163.2 “Royal Beatings”: An Authoritative Father as the Master of Female’s Fate 18Conclusion 21Works Cited 23AcknowledgementsMy sincere gratitude first goes to my supervisor, Professor Zhu Litian. She helped me choose my research direction and gave me a lot of encouragement and constructive advice during the process of writing. Without her help and guidance, I cannot finish my thesis successfully. I also want to express my thanks to my classmates and roommates. Their help and to

论文总字数：30221字摘 要1. Introduction 11.1 Need for the study 11.2 Research purpose 12. Literature review 32.1 Concept of Meta-cognitive Strategies 32.2 Theoretical Framework of Meta-cognitive Strategy 32.3 Meta-cognitive studies on EFL Reading in China 32.4 Reading 43.Methodology 53.1 Research Question 53.2. Data Collection and Analysis 54. Results and discussions 74.1. Results 74.1.1 The Relationship between Every Meta-cognitive Strategy and Reading Comprehension 74.1.3 The Relationship between Overall Meta-cognitive Strategies and Reading 94.2 Discussions 105. Conclusions 115.1 Major findings of the study 115.2 Implications 115.2.1 Theoretical implications 115.2.2 Pedagogical implications 125.3 Limitations and suggestions for future research 12References 14AppendixⅠ The Questionnaire 16AcknowledgmentsThe completion of this thesis is one of the real challenges I have ever encountered in my life. During this process, I received lots of supports, encouragement and love fr

论文总字数：29301字摘 要在全球环境危机日趋严重的情势下,生态批评已成为一门显学。海明威作品中的自然世界也进入了生态批评家的视野。海明威在其众多作品中,展现了人与自然息息相关,相依为命和共生共存的关系,揭示出人类只有在与自然的和谐相处中方能实现可持续性发展。海明威是一个具有生态意识的作家这一点已为诸多批评家所认同。在《老人与海》中,作者对大自然进行了由衷的赞美并探讨了人与自然的关系,同时反思了传统的人类中心说。藉此,希望唤醒现代人心中的生态意识,约束并最终消除人类对自然生态的破坏。关键词：欧内斯特·海明威 《老人与海》 生态批评1. IntroductionAn introduction of Ecological CriticismThe term, “Ecological Criticism”, originated from William Rueckert’s Literature and Ecology (1998), referring to “the ecology and ecological philosophy for liter

论文总字数：64580字摘 要本文旨在探究汉语西化以及翻译腔这两个影响现代汉语发展的因素，二者皆与翻译有关。首先我们将揭示汉语怎样通过对英语的模仿而西化；翻译腔是英汉翻译中普遍存在的问题，翻译对汉语有重大影响，而英语又是国际语言，将长久影响汉语，因此分析这一问题的成因，表现，探究消除翻译腔的方法，减少其危害，便是本文一重要任务。另外，我们也将探究在英语的影响下汉语怎样健康发展，避免恶性西化。关键词： 汉语西化 英汉翻译 翻译腔Table of ContentsAcknowledgments…………………………………………………………………….iAbstract …………………………………………………………………………….ii摘要 ………………………………………………………………………………..iiTable of Contents………………………………�

论文总字数：35325字摘 要在全球经济发展之下，跨国交流越来越频繁。由于各个国家的语言，文化思维等都有不同，导致在跨文化商务交际中必然会出现语用失误，这些语用失误不仅造成交流障碍，甚至导致交际失败。因此，研究跨文化商务交际下的语用失误及其应对策略有着非常重要的意义。本文将从称呼语，问候语，赞美语，致谢语，特有的民族文化用语入手，将语用失误分为语用语言失误和社交语言失误，从词汇，语法，文化等层面分析跨文化商务交际下的语用失误成因，并提出语用应对策略，旨在一定程度上帮助人们解决跨文化交际中的语用失误问题，提高跨文化交际能力。关键词：跨文化商务交际；语用失误；应对策略Contents1. Introduction 12. Literature Review 12.1 Researches on pragmatic failure 12.2 Researches on cross-cultural business communication 23. Main Types o

论文总字数：36676字摘 要本文从生态课堂的三个组成部分入手提出了在建构生态课堂过程中出现的三类失衡现象，并在学习共同体理论的指导下针对这三类现象提出了相应的对策。本篇文章首先介绍了学习共同体理论和生态课堂的内容以及含义。其次，本文讨论了共同体理论和生态课堂的联系并论述了可以从共同体理论出发解决生态课堂失衡现象的理由。接着，本文描述了在建构生态课堂过程中出现的三类失衡现象，并分别分析了出现这些失衡现象的原因。然后，本文从学习共同体理论出发分别针对这三类失衡现象提出了相应的解决措施。最后，本篇文章提出了对在我国建构生态课堂的未来的希冀。关键词：学习共同体理论；生态课堂；失衡现象与应对策略Contents1. Introduction 11.1 Introduction of theory of learning community 11.2 Introduction of construction of ecologica

论文总字数：28102字摘 要“中式英语”是师生在使用第二语言时照搬汉语语言习惯的结果,在师生中尤以学生为甚。从社会语言学角度来看,它的存在有着独有的社会功能和社会语言学根源,但同时也存在弊端。为此,有必要调查其根源并对症下药,以期促使学生英语口语的地道化,从而有利于促进英语教学改革的顺利进行。关键词：“中式英语”；社会根源；社会语言学功能；教学建议Contents1. Introduction 12. Literature Review 13. Sociolinguistic Functions of “Chinglish” 33.1 Functions of personal expression 33.2 Functions of knowledge and information acquisition 34. The Social Roots of “Chinglish" 44.1 Ddifferent modes of thinking between English and Chinese 44.2 Negative language transfer 54.3 Cross-cultural influence 75. The Negative Effects of “Chinglish" 75.1 The negative impacts on one"s English learning and employment 75.2 The negative impacts on societ

论文总字数：26984字摘 要《了不起的盖茨比》是菲茨杰拉德的一部杰作，反映了爵士时代的美国社会。该书通过局外人尼克之口叙述了盖茨比的爱情悲剧。书中尼克被标榜为正直之人，不爱评论别人的是非。但它却引导着我们从男性视角看待书中人物。本文从女性主义角度解读小说中女性人物黛西，乔丹和茉特尔的悲剧。她们的悲剧某种意义上也代表了爵士时代的女性悲剧。关键词：爵士时代；悲剧；女性；女权主义Contents1. Introduction 12. Literature Review 13. Feminism movement and Feminist Criticism 23.1 The development of feminism 23.2 Feminism at the Jazz Age 43.3 The main schools of feminist criticism 44.The Tragedy of the Women 64.1 Daisy Buchanan’s tragedy 64.2 Jordan Baker’s tragedy 84.3 Myrtle Wilson’s tragedy 95.Advice for Women 106.Conclusion 10Works Cited 11Introduction The Great Gatsby, which describes the American society at the